A Literature Review of Xenophobic Attacks in South Africa

Brett Holberg Xenophobic Attacks in South Africa Attacks on foreigners in South Africa have been on the rise since the transfer of power to the ANC in 1994. These violent outbursts, which have resulted in riots and dozens of murders, have been described as xenophobic in nature. After the months of summer 2008 in South Africa where there was a sudden wave of anti-immigrant violence, scholars are asking what is the driving force behind these attacks. Scholars see continuity in the ideology behind these xenophobic attacks occurring in South Africa. In his article, ‘Fortress SA’: Xenophobic Violence in South Africa, John Sharp writes about the causes of the violence and the Human Sciences Research Council’s response on the matter. He†¦show more content†¦South Africans allow their national issues to be represented by foreigners who they feel brought them upon them. Adejunmobi makes and interesting case by identifying South Africa’s xenophobic violence with the trend of anti-alien violence in Africa in the past 20 years and by doing this opens up a continent wide discourse about what he calls the â€Å"ethics of locality† (Adejunmobi 2009). Even in examining different phenomena continent wide he is able to come to a conclusion, which supports a congruent ideology for the attacks, and puts them in a larger perspective. In his article in Third World Quarterly, David Mario Matsinhe, Africa’s Fear of Itself: the ideology of Makwerekwere in South Africa, he uses the term makwerekwere to represent South Africans uneasiness with outsiders. The phrase originates out of the fact that word makwerekwere sounds very distinctly un-South African. Makwerekwere is so distinct for South Africans because it shares no similarities with any South African words (Mario Matsinhe 2011). He writes â€Å"Since the collapse of apartheid, the phantom of Makwerekwere has been constructed and deployed in and through public discourse to render Africans from ou tside the borders orderable as the nation’s bogeyman.† (Mario Matsinhe 2011). He provides a great argument and uses a variety of sources including human rights network publications. HeShow MoreRelatedNew World Order in Conspiracy Theory13987 Words   |  56 Pages10  Brave New World * 3  Postulated implementations * 3.1  Gradualism * 3.2  Coup dà ©tat * 3.3  Mass surveillance * 3.4  Occultism * 3.5  Population control * 3.6  Mind control * 4  Alleged conspirators * 5  Criticism * 6  Literature * 7  In popular culture * 8  References | ------------------------------------------------- History of the term During the 20th century, many  statesmen, such as  Woodrow Wilson  and  Winston Churchill, used the term new world order to refer to

Analysis Of Kate Chopin s Desiree s Baby - 987 Words

Kendavid Stenhouse Professor Perkins English 204 3 October 2017 Racial Identity James A. Forbes say, â€Å"When people rely on surfaces appearances and false stereotypes rather than in-depth knowledge/[the] understanding of people are compromised.† Kate Chopin’s story, â€Å"Desiree’s Baby† is a story solely of racial identity, sexism, pride and love. Throughout, there’s symbolism to indicate unequal gender functions, as well as racial prejudice. Readers become mindful of the effects love and pride has over actions, as the story foreshadows numerously. Thoroughly, analytical evidence will focus on the irony of racial identity, symbolism of sexism, pride and love. Desiree’s Baby is a short story centered directly upon human relationships during the†¦show more content†¦During the time, individuals’ backgrounds determined marriages. Referring to the thesis, effects of love over actions are ironized in the story, as Armand cautiously shows passion for Desiree while hastily ignoring her background; intentionally marrying and having a baby with Desiree. Racial identity is portrayed heavily in Desiree’s Baby. Desiree’s Baby sets prior to the Civil War, a time were slavery is imposed and interracial relationships are denounced. Armand is a slave owner, who’s denying the rights of African Americans. Desiree care from the waiting nurse, is assumed to be a slave, pertaining to the slave land, which is a depiction of racial identity. Chopin’s uses an offensive term â€Å"quadroon† which indicates a person that’s one quarter black by descent, as Desiree related to the nurse as yellow (indicates a light skinned black person). Though Valmonde cautioned Armand of Desiree’s background, Madame Valmonde exclaimed, â€Å"This is not the baby!† Madame; astonished of the baby’s aspect, sees the baby differently from Desiree. Chopin writes, â€Å"She lifted it and walked with it over to the window that was lightest,† an interpretation the narrator creates for the readers to mean e xactly that or the contrast to the skin tone of the baby. Though Armand loves Desiree, Armand love is questioned. Desiree creates the assumption that there’s love between the father and baby. Questioning stems from the hatred and suddenShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Desiree s Baby By Kate Chopin1446 Words   |  6 PagesAnalysis of Desiree’s Baby In the story Desiree s Baby by Kate Chopin the plot mainly revolves around race issues and also includes elements of sexism. In terms of race the difference between being white and being black shows vital importance in the characters lives through the story. As Desiree and Armand both originally associate themselves with the white class, once the plot unveils their black heritage they are faced with uncertainty, and ultimately their lives become meaninglessRead MoreAn Analysis Of Kate Chopin s Desiree s Baby Essay1067 Words   |  5 Pages Kate Chopin life and her short story Dà ©sirà ©e’s Baby Chopin was an American novelist and she also wrote many short stories. Chopin was a feminist pioneer movement on American literature and the world. Chopin was born in St. Louis Missouri on February 8, 1850. Her father was an Irish immigrant who was a very successful businessman. Chopin father died when she was a little girl. For that reason, she grew up with her mother and grandmother since she was a child. She was an insatiable reader and thatRead MoreAn Analysis Of Kate Chopin s Desiree s Baby 1705 Words   |  7 Pagesand published in 1893, Kate Chopin’s work â€Å"Desiree’s Baby† is a short story about miscegenation within a French family living in Louisiana in the late nineteenth century. Miscegenation is defined as the mixture of different racial groups, through marriage or cohabitation, between a white race and a member of another race. Chopin writes this piece of realistic fiction which exposes the issues of society that would not be faced until many y ears after her death. â€Å"Desiree’s Baby† revolves around two mainRead MoreAnalysis Of Desiree s Baby By Kate Chopin919 Words   |  4 PagesDesiree’s Baby†: An Annotated bibliography Thesis: Kate Chopin combines the racial and social differences on the eighteen century, in which people have to face racial discrimination amongst a social empire, which brings many conflicts within diverse couples about their firstborns. Chopin, Kate Desiree’s Baby. Short Stories (print 7/14/2015). In the short story, Desiree’s Baby, written by Kate Chopin there is a about of karma and consequences that produce the drama on the literature. The storyRead MoreAnalysis Of Kate Chopin s Desiree s Baby 951 Words   |  4 Pagesa major problem in the late nineteenth century. In Kate Chopin’s â€Å"Desiree’s Baby†, there were characters with extreme views towards race which led to a gruesome death. The major conflicts in â€Å"Desiree’s Baby† are from Armand assuming what he thought about Desiree was right, and not taking another answer that could be a possibility. Armand was the antagonist of the story and struggles against the beliefs that the country has about race. Desiree, the protagonist was in conflict with Armand over whoRead MoreAnalysis Of Kate Chopin s `` Desiree s Baby ``822 Words   |  4 PagesRegionalism reflected in Kate Chopin’s Writings During the latter half of the nineteenth-century, American literature had a renaissance with the development of new writing styles that strived to fully grasp and express the American way of life. Regionalism, which is a writing style that incorporates setting, dialect, and local color of certain regions of the United States was prominent among these new writing styles. Kate Chopin, one of the most prominent feminist writers of the nineteenth-centuryRead MoreAn Analysis Of Armand Aubigny s Desiree s Baby 1538 Words   |  7 PagesArmand Aubigny’s Pride in â€Å"Desiree’s Baby† by Kate Chopin Through history, we have always yearned independence and equality as human beings. Undoubtedly, Kate Chopin is an extraordinary example She has landed a commendable place among American writers worthy of recognition. Born in St. Louis, Missouri in 1850, Kate was raised by strong women who taught her the value of an education. Her family gave her a revolutionary vision and a feminist personality, but it was her talented and passionate skillsRead MoreAn Examination Of How Kate Chopin s Work1298 Words   |  6 PagesENGL 1102 – Comp/Lit Essay 2 (Mulry) Sellers, James R – 920022413 Due Date: April 20, 2015 An Examination of How Kate Chopin’s Works Taken Together Contribute to our Understanding of Her Time and the Place of Women in Society Looking at themes present in his short stories and novels, Kate Chopin presents examples of female strength and an assertive rebellion to the social norms during the late 1800s. By seeking to transparently and boldly portray the risquà © behavior of her lead characters, whichRead MoreInferences Lead to Tragedy: Irony that Ruins in Kate Chopins Desirees Baby744 Words   |  3 Pages Kate Chopin utilizes irony in â€Å"Desiree’s Baby† to warn people of the dangers of racism and how it can victimize not only the hated race, but also the one who is racist. â€Å"Desiree’s Baby† is a tale about a young slave owner, Armand, with a well-respected name in Louisiana. He marries an adopted woman named Desiree and once they have their child, he notices that the baby has black features. He assumes that since he does not know his wife’s racial background that his wife must have some sort ofRead MoreDesiree s Baby : A Literary Analysis1582 Words   |  7 PagesDesiree’s Baby—A Literary Analysis In the short story, â€Å"Desiree’s Baby,† Kate Chopin exposes the harsh realities of racial divide, male dominance, and slavery in Antebellum Louisiana. Although written in 1894, Chopin revisits the deep-south during a period of white privilege and slavery. Told through third-person narration, the reader is introduced to characters whose individual morals and values become the key elements leading to the ironic downfall of this antebellum romance. As Chopin takes the

Marketing Opportunities of Zara-Free-Samples -Myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about the Marketing Opportunity of your Choosen Company. Answer: Introduction Marketing opportunity study of a company signifies the business opportunities of a company in terms of enticing new customers to buy their products and thereby help to increase the productivity rate of a company. Marketing opportunity helps a company to forecast its future business vision (Mullins, Walker Boyd Jar, 2012). This report outlines the fact to state the business opportunities of Zaras secret through marketing. Marketing opportunities of Zara:- Zara is a globally recognized fashion company in the world. Zara specializes in providing run away fashionable clothes and accessories to the customers, all over the world. Zara is headquartered in the northwestern city of Arteixo in Spain (Caro, 2012). Amancio Ortega is credited for originating the concept of Zara in the year 1975. According to the financial reports in 2017, Zara has earned the commendation of administering up to twenty unique attire collections, per annum. In terms of marketing opportunities of Zara, a lot of literature has been attempted in this issue. Marketing Opportunity related to Product quality and range:- If the topic of product is discussed, then it can be said that Zara is the only fashion company in the world who does not spend resources excessively on advertisement and yet manages to sell its products at huge numbers. Zara provides a wide range of sublime products such as childrens dresses, mens attire, womens stylish attire, eye-catching lingerie wear and others. As per reports, Zara places 450 million products at all its worldwide stores in a year. Indeed, Zara possesses ample market opportunity in terms of their product quality and range. Marketing Opportunity related to Place:- If the topic of place is discussed, then it can be said that Zara is self reliant in all its marketing activities. Zara has single-handedly integrated all the departments of design, prefabrication and distribution under in its own unit. This is one of the key factors in the rapid expansion of Zara stores all over the world. In the coming years, Zara is expected to spread its wings in every possible global location. Indeed, Zara possesses ample market opportunity in terms of place. Marketing Opportunity related to Target Consumers:- If the topic of target consumers is discussed, then it can be said that Zara has artfully captured the attention of the target audience in fashion. Zara manufactures collections, which are suitable to people in the twenty to thirty age bracket. Generally, people of this above range are extra conscious about the overnight changes, which occur in the fashion world. Therefore, in order to sustain the attention of the fashionable young, Zara continuously implements new cuts and changes in their products including shoes, trousers and blazers. This actuates the trendy and the stylish lot to venture into Zara for fashion modernity and novelty. Indeed, Zara possesses ample market opportunity in terms of holding the competitive attention of the target consumer. Marketing opportunity related to pricing:- If the topic of pricing is discussed, it is widely known that Zara practices affordable pricing strategy in all its product portfolios. The most mentionable fact here is that the customers are genuinely appreciative of the availability of reasonable priced products at Zara. The marketers at Zara have started to practice affordable pricing strategy by implementing modifications in their indoctrination and development prices (Caro Gallien, 2012). This has made Zara among the top affordable fashion firms in the world. Indeed, Zara possesses ample market opportunity in terms of their pricing strategy. Marketing Opportunity related to promotion strategy:- If the topic of promotions is discussed, Zara is one of the least promoted fashion firms in the business world. The unique selling proposition of Zara is that the marketers of Zara are extremely proficient in the assumption of the demands and needs of the consumers and this is what distinguishes it from the other big fashion house rivals (Gamboa Gonclaves, 2014). The promotional quality of Zara is reasonability, specialty, variety and distinction. Indeed, Zara possesses ample market opportunity in terms of their promotion strategy. Conclusion In the conclusion, it can be said that marketing is a very substantial concept of business management. Marketers are highly responsible for bringing glory and fame to a company by increasing the productivity, market share and the ultimate revenue share. Zara is a brilliant example of a company who has successfully established itself in the global market by having high-yielding market opportunities. References Caro, F. (2012). Zara: Staying fast and fresh.The European Case Clearing House, ECCH Case, 612-006. Caro, F., Gallien, J. (2012). Clearance pricing optimization for a fast-fashion retailer.Operations Research,60(6), 1404-1422. Gamboa, A. M., Gonalves, H. M. (2014). Customer loyalty through social networks: Lessons from Zara on Facebook.Business Horizons,57(6), 709-717. Mullins, J., Walker, O. C., Boyd Jr, H. W. (2012).Marketing management: A strategic decision-making approach. McGraw-Hill Higher Education.

NAZISM Essays (2384 words) - Adolf Hitler, Nazi Germany,

NAZISM The National Socialist German Workers' Party almost died one morning in 1919. It numbered only a few dozen grumblers' it had no organization and no political ideas. But many among the middle class admired the Nazis' muscular opposition to the Social Democrats. And the Nazis themes of patriotism and militarism drew highly emotional responses from people who could not forget Germany's prewar imperial grandeur. In the national elections of September 1930, the Nazis garnered nearly 6.5 million votes and became second only to the Social Democrats as the most popular party in Germany. In Northeim, where in 1928 Nazi candidates had received 123 votes, they now polled 1,742, a respectable 28 percent of the total. The nationwide success drew even faster... in just three years, party membership would rise from about 100,000 to almost a million, and the number of local branches would increase tenfold. The new members included working-class people, farmers, and middle-class professionals. They were both better educated and younger then the Old Fighters, who had been the backbone of the party during its first decade. The Nazis now presented themselves as the party of the young, the strong, and the pure, in opposition to an establishment populated by the elderly, the weak, and the dissolute. Hitler was born in a small town in Austria in 1889. As a young boy, he showed little ambition. After dropping out of high school, he moved to Vienna to study art, but he was denied the chance to join Vienna academy of fine arts. When WWI broke out, Hitler joined Kaiser Wilhelmer's army as a Corporal. He was not a person of great importance. He was a creature of a Germany created by WWI, and his behavior was shaped by that war and its consequences. He had emerged from Austria with many prejudices, including a powerful prejudice against Jews. Again, he was a product of his times... for many Austrians and Germans were prejudiced against the Jews. In Hitler's case the prejudice had become maniacal it was a dominant force in his private and political personalities. Anti-Semitism was not a policy for Adolf Hitler--it was religion. And in the Germany of the 1920s, stunned by defeat, and the ravages of the Versailles treaty, it was not hard for a leader to convince millions that one element of the nation's society was responsible for most of the evils heaped upon it. The fact is that Hitler's anti-Semitism was self- inflicted obstacle to his political success. The Jews, like other Germans, were shocked by the discovery that the war had not been fought to a standstill, as they were led to believe in November 1918, but that Germany had , in fact, been defeated and was to be treated as a vanquished country. Had Hitler not embarked on his policy of disestablishing the Jews as Germans, and later of exterminating them in Europe, he could have counted on their loyalty. There is no reason to believe anything else. On the evening of November 8, 1923, Wyuke Vavaruab State Cinnussuiber Gustav Rutter von Kahr was making a political speech in Munich's sprawling B?rgerbr?ukeller, some 600 Nazis and right-wing sympathizers surrounded the beer hall. Hitler burst into the building and leaped onto a table, brandishing a revolver and firing a shot into the ceiling. "The National Revolution," he cried, "has begun!" At that point, informed that fighting had broken out in another part of the city, Hitler rushed to that scene. His prisoners were allowed to leave, and they talked about organizing defenses against the Nazi coup. Hitler was of course furious. And he was far from finished. At about 11 o'clock on the morning of November 9--the anniversary of the founding of the German Republic in 1919--3,000 Hitler partisans again gathered outside the B?rgerbr?ukeller. To this day, no one knows who fired the first shot. But a shot rang out, and it was followed by fusillades from both sides. Hermann G?ring fell wounded in the thigh and both legs. Hitler flattened himself against the pavement; he was unhurt. General Ludenorff continued to march stolidly toward the police line, which parted to let him pass through (he was later arrested, tried and acquitted). Behind him, 16